River Birch Is a Favored Yard Tree in the Southern U.S.

River birch has been called the most beautiful of American trees by Prince Maximilian, the emperor of Mexico when he toured North America shortly before his short-lived reign. It is a favorite yard tree in the southern United States and is sometimes messy to maintain if you are not hands-on when dealing with your yard. Betula nigra, also known as red birch, water birch, or black birch, is the only birch with a range that includes the southeastern coastal plain. It is uniquely the only spring-fruiting birch in North America. Although the wood has limited usefulness, the trees beauty makes it an ornamental highlight, especially at the northern and western extremes of its natural range.  Most river birch bark peels in colorful flakes of brown, salmon, peach, orange, and lavender and is a bonus for regions deprived of paper and white birches.  Ã‚   In his book, The Urban Tree Book, journalist, novelist, and publisher Arthur Plotnik entices amateur arborists to go tree peeping in U.S. cities. He gives vivid descriptions of trees he spots along his trek: Only the shaggy brown river birch seems truly adapted to cities, holding its own with urban heat blasts and the deadly borer. River Birch Habit and Range River birch grows naturally from southern New Hampshire south and west to the Texas Gulf Coast.  River birch is well named as it loves riparian (wet) zones, adapts well to wet sites, and reaches its maximum size in rich alluvial soils of the lower Mississippi Valley. Even though it loves wet ecosystems, the tree is heat-tolerant. River birch can survive modest droughts and does not compete with your lawn for water. River birch transplants easily at any age and grows into a medium tree of about 40 feet and rarely to 70 feet. River birch occupies large eastern north-south ranges in North America from Minnesota to Florida. The tree needs direct sunlight and is intolerant to shade.   River Birch Varieties The best river birch cultivars are the Heritage and Dura-Heat varieties. The Heritage or Cully cultivar was selected in 2002 as the tree of the year by the Society of Municipal Arborists. The trees wood has very little commercial value but is extremely popular as an ornamental tree that features salmon-cream to brownish bark that peels to reveal a creamy white inner bark that can be nearly as white as the white-barked birches. It is hardy  in  all U.S. climate zones, it is fast-growing, nicely forked, wind and ice resistant.   According to Michael Dirr,  horticulturist and a professor of horticulture at the University of Georgia, who praise the varietal in his book, Trees: Heritage river birch is an excellent selection with superior vigor, larger leaves, and greater resistance to leaf spot. Dura-Heat is a somewhat smaller cultivar that features creamy white bark color, better tolerance to summer heat, better insect and disease resistance, and superior foliage to the species. It typically grows 30 to 40 feet tall as a single trunk or multi-trunked tree. Leaves, Flowers, and Fruit of a River Birch The tree has male and female catkins, which are slim, cylindrical  flower  clusters that are grouped in 3s. The small cone-like fruit  opens and sheds small  nutlet  seeds in spring. What makes yard work a chore with the river birch are the falling catkins, fruit, and flaking bark that constantly litter the yard. The summer leaves have a leathery texture with a dark green upper side and light green on its  underside. The leaf edges are teethlike, with a double serrated appearance. The leaves are in the shape of ovals. In the autumn, the leaf color is golden-yellow to yellow-brown, and leaves have a tendency to drop quickly. River Birch Hardiness Zone River birch  is hardy through zone 4 on the U.S. Department of Agriculture zone map. The USDA Hardiness Zone Map identifies how well plants will withstand the cold winter temperatures. The map divides North America into 13 zones, of 10 degrees each, ranging from -60 F to 70 F. So, for zone 4, the minimum average temperatures are between -30 F and -20 F, which includes the entire U.S. with the exception of Alaska.

Evolution And Evolution Of Evolution - 1079 Words

Ever wondered when the course of humans began or better yet if people started the way that they are? Modern humans started 200,000 years ago, but were not alway like this. The process of evolution brought us to humans. According to Evolution: The Human Story, evolution is the process by which organisms change over the course of generations. It is also compelling because ancestors can give rise to other relatives or descendants. Archeologists now know that not only humans evolved because paleontologists discovered a bird that lived up to 1.5 million years ago. Scientists have been studying the past and they discovered ape-like hominids evolved into humans. Many fossils have been discovered all over the world and scientists have proof that there were many other species before people that have finally evolved into humans. Other traces of evidence, such as similarities between related living organisms, were used by Charles Darwin to develop his theory of natural selection, and are still used today. DNA testing, were not available in Darwin s time, but are used by scientists today to learn more about evolution. Evolution has brought us from apes to human, and has a riveting way of its own. Question B According to Evolution, The Human Story, Charles Darwin was one of the most famous scientists back in the 19th century. He discovered how living beings are related, and their geographic distribution reflects their relationships. Charles Darwin figured out that fossils ofShow MoreRelatedEvolution And Evolution Of Evolution957 Words   |  4 Pagesthe theory of evolution. To understand why the teaching of evolution in school is important, it’s important to understand what it is, how it works, and how we benefit from its evolutionary history. Evolution is the steady development of different kinds of living organisms that have diversified from earlier forms throughout the generations. Without evolution, biology wouldn’t make sense because evolution is its key principle that connects and explains many facets of life. Evolution is a very importantRead MoreEvolution And Evolution Of Evolution1333 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is Evolution? Evolution is the modification of characteristics of living organisms over generations (StrangeScience.net, 2015); it is the gradual process of development by which the present diversity of living organisms arose from the earliest forms of life, which is believed to have been ongoing for at least the past 3000 million years (Hine, 2004). Common ancestry are groups of living organisms that share the most recent common ancestor, by which scientific evidence proves that all life onRead MoreEvolution And Evolution Of Evolution1054 Words   |  5 Pages Evolution is something that can be taken into different meanings, from the way you live. Some people can accept evolution and some can’t. The meaning of evolution is the way a different animal or species came to be, and how they are linked to a different of species that all share a common ancestor (an introduction to evolution). There is a lot of evidence to shows that evolution is can be proven like DNA Sequences, Fossil Records, Cladograms, and analogous/homologous structures, because there areRead MoreEvolution And Evolution Of Evolution1337 Words   |  6 Pagesvarious subfields within Anthropology to adapt to the human species. Evolution would be defined as when â€Å"something† can develop from something that is simplistic to something that can adapt to the world around it and is more complex. All human beings in past and present as well as all living organisms have been part of a process of Evolution. Evolution can be viewed as adaptations, as well as growing to better advancment, evolution has taken ahold of all species throughout history. It is human natureRead MoreEvolution And Evolution Of Evolution1328 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is the theory of evolution? Many people who don’t understand science or Biology don’t know how to answer this question. â€Å"Evolution is the process of biological change by which descendants come to differ from their ancestors.† In our society today, there is many conflicts that exist between creationism which is the belief that a higher power created the Earth and made living things and the theory of evolution. Some people are debating whether to teach evolution in schools because theRead MoreEvolution And Evolution Of Evolution884 Words   |  4 Pages Evolution Evolution, a change in the genetic makeup of a subgroup, or population, of a species (Nowicki 10). Every living thing in the world is capable of evolving into something. Cells evolve to perform different tasks and to become stronger. Charles Darwin is the founder of evolution, he realized that species change over time to ensure survival. The future of evolution can not be predicted. Everything in our universe starts out as a single celled organism. All life traces back to three billionRead MoreEvolution Of Evolution And Evolution2000 Words   |  8 Pages Title: Evolution Author: Annette Gonzalez December 9, 2014 Abstract: This paper will cover the topic of evolution of organisms. Evolution is the process of constant change from a lower, more simple to better, complex state (Merriam-Webster, 2014). In this essay, there are different philosophies that support the idea of evolution. For instance, there is anatomical, homology, natural selection evidence. This ideas will be explained in more detail in the body of the paperRead MoreEvolution And Evolution Of Evolution2356 Words   |  10 Pagesideology, people have started to think logically and science has come a long way. It is now believed that evolution has resulted in the changes on planet Earth and human kind was not just simply created by a ‘God’. What is evolution? What was Charles Darwin’s contribution to ideas about evolution? Biological evolution is the descent of organisms with modifications. Simply, the central idea of evolution is that all life forms which exist as of now or had existed share a common ancestor. This theory firstRead MoreEvolution And Evolution Of Evolution983 Words   |  4 PagesMost things in science all eventually lead back to one thing, evolution. Evolution has been an interesting topic since mankind could wrap its mind around the concept. Whether one believes in it or not, it is hard to deny the cold hard facts that back up how every being has changed from its original form of life. From plants to humans, everything has adapted and evolved to be able to adjust to climate changes, habitats disappearing, and new predators. All it takes is for one mutated gene to get aRead MoreEvolution And Evolution Of Evolution1154 Words   |  5 Pages EVOLUTION Evolution is a scientific theory that was first introduced in the mid 1800’s and it refers to the biological changes that take place within a population of a specific species over the course of many generations. This theory was one of the most scientifically groundbreaking discoveries of our time, and since its discovery, scientists have been working hard to find more and more evidence on the subject. Although there is much controversy on the subject of evolution, it is hard to ignore

Managing Organizations and Leading People Productivity

Question: Discuss about theManaging Organizations and Leading Peoplefor Productivity. Answer: Introduction: Organization or the workplace culture is typically important to maintaining employee motivation and high level of productivity. Here, as a senior manager I will opt for talking and directing the US team leader to integrate the principles of responsible leadership for improving motivation and the scope of communication within the team. Discussion: According to Herzbergs two factor theory, the hygiene factors are needed to be eliminated and the motivation factors are needed to be upheld for maintaining employee motivation and consistent performance. Here, I will direct the team leader to provide supportive supervision and recognize the contribution of Apala and other team members. Moreover, as discussed by Meyer (2014), in the organizational setup eliminating the communication barriers like stereotyping or cultural prejudice can create employee dissatisfaction. The team leader of the US team is being prejudiced which is affecting the organizational culture. Hence, I will document clear code of conduct and reporting procedure for the employees. Moreover, as mentioned by Thomas and Peterson (2014), in the culturally diversified workplace, the principal of inclusivity that provides equal opportunity to all employees needed to be upheld. Hence, I will introduce the policy of documenting the daily performance report for all the empl oyees and an annual appraisal (depending on the daily performance report) for them. Thus, the employees will be made responsible for each of their job role and the issue of nepotism will be eliminated. Conclusion: In conclusion, it can be said that as the senior manager, I will opt for responsible leadership and communicate with the team leader regarding her behavioural and leadership approaches. By introducing the policy of inclusivity and regular monitoring, I will be able to track the performance of the employees and employee satisfaction will be maintained. References: Meyer, J.P. (2014). Employee Commitment, Motivation, and Engagement. Thomas, D. C., Peterson, M. F. (2014). Cross-cultural management: Essential concepts. Sage Publications.